In his speech to the United Nations General Assembly on Wednesday, President Biden criticized the governments of Iran and China for their human rights records, while vowing that the United States would always stand up for those rights.

週三，拜登總統在聯合國大會上發表講話，批評伊朗和中國政府的人權記錄，同時誓言美國將永遠捍衛這些權利。

Alluding to the protests that have erupted in Iran over the death in custody of Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old woman who was arrested by the country’s morality police last week allegedly for violating dress codes, Mr. Biden said the United States stood with “the brave citizens and brave women of Iran, who right now are demonstrating to secure their basic rights.”

拜登在提到伊朗因22歲女子馬赫莎·阿米尼而爆發抗議活動時說，美國支持「伊朗勇敢的公民和勇敢的女性，他們正在為確保自己的基本權利而示威」。阿米尼因涉嫌違反著裝規定於上週被該國道德警察逮捕，在羈押期間死亡。

And with talks stalled on restoring the 2015 Iran nuclear deal, which President Donald J. Trump abandoned, Mr. Biden implicitly threatened to use force if necessary to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons, but said that he wanted to prevent conflict.

恢復2015年伊朗核協議的談判陷入僵局，川普總統此前退出了該協議。拜登含蓄地威脅，要在必要時動用武力阻止伊朗發展核武器，但也表示希望防止衝突的發生。

“We will not allow Iran to acquire a nuclear weapon,” Mr. Biden said, adding, “I continue to believe diplomacy is the best way to achieve this outcome.”

拜登說：「我們不會允許伊朗獲得核武器。」他還表示，「我仍然相信外交是實現這一結果的最佳途徑。」

Earlier on Wednesday, Iran’s president, Ebrahim Raisi, made his debut before the General Assembly, speaking in defiant terms that offered little hope of a fresh diplomatic breakthrough.

週三早些時候，伊朗總統易卜拉欣·萊希在聯合國大會上首次亮相，他言辭挑釁，使得外交上取得新突破的希望變得渺茫。

He criticized Israel as “an occupying savage power”; held up a picture of the former commander of Iran’s powerful Revolutionary Guards Corps, Maj. Gen. Qassim Suleimani, who was assassinated by the United States in Iraq; and, alluding to the nuclear deal, said Iran wanted to obtain what is “fair and just” for itself.

他批評以色列是「一個野蠻的佔領國」；還舉起伊朗強人革命衛隊前指揮官卡西姆·蘇萊曼尼少將的照片，後者在伊拉克被美國暗殺；他在提到核協議時表示，伊朗希望為自己爭取到「公平公正」的東西。

The Biden administration views Iran as its greatest challenge in the Middle East, but Mr. Biden has signaled that he hopes to expend less diplomatic and military resources in the region in order to focus on China and Russia.

拜登政府將伊朗視為在中東面臨的最大挑戰，但拜登已表示，他希望減少在該地區的外交和軍事資源投入，從而集中精力應對中國和俄羅斯。

Mr. Biden mentioned China several times in his speech, first when he said that nations must respect “freedom of navigation.” American officials use that phrase to frame the threat that China’s military activities pose in the Asia-Pacific region. U.S. officials have been alarmed by the expansion of China’s military footprint in the South and East China Seas, by the activities of the Chinese Navy and Air Force around Taiwan and by the growing Chinese security presence in the Pacific.

拜登在演講中多次提到中國，首先是他在說各國必須尊重「航行自由」的時候。美國官員用這個詞來描述中國的軍事活動在亞太地區構成的威脅。中國在南海和東海軍事足跡的擴大、中國海軍和空軍在台灣周圍的活動，以及中國在太平洋地區日益增長的安全存在，都令美國官員感到擔憂。

China’s People’s Liberation Army fired missiles over Taiwan last month after the U.S. House speaker, Nancy Pelosi, visited the self-governing island, which China claims as its own. Several missiles landed in waters near Japan. China also had its navy carry out exercises in nearby waters.

上個月，在美國眾議院議長佩洛西訪問了中國聲稱擁有主權的自製島嶼台灣後，中國人民解放軍向台灣方向發射了導彈。幾枚導彈落在日本附近海域。中國海軍還在台灣附近海域舉行了演習。

Mr. Biden insisted on Wednesday that the United States does not want to escalate its rivalry with China. “As we manage shifting geopolitical trends, the United States will conduct itself as a reasonable leader,” he said. “We do not seek conflict. We do not seek a Cold War.”

拜登週三堅稱，美國不想升級與中國的競爭。「在我們應對不斷變化的地緣政治趨勢時，美國將作為一個理性的領導者行事，」他說。「我們不尋求衝突。我們不尋求冷戰。」

He said the United States would not ask other nations to choose between itself and a competitor, but asserted that Washington “will be unabashed in promoting” a vision of a free world.

他說，美國不會要求其他國家在自己和競爭對手之間做出選擇，但聲稱華盛頓「將大力推動」自由世界的願景。

Mr. Biden also said that the United States remained “committed to the One China policy,” which acknowledges China’s position on Taiwan but does not endorse it. But Mr. Biden also told CBS’ “60 Minutes” on Sunday that while Taiwan makes its “own judgments” about independence, American troops would defend Taiwan in the event of an “unprecedented attack” by China.

拜登還表示，美國仍然「致力於一個中國政策」，該政策承認中國在台灣問題上的立場，但並不支持。但拜登週日還在CBS的《60分鐘》節目中表示，台灣會對獨立做出「自己的判斷」，但如果中國進行「前所未有的攻擊」，美國軍隊將保衛台灣。

Drilling down on his critique that Russia and China are undermining a global order based on widely agreed upon rules, Mr. Biden called for reforms to the U.N. charter, including making the Security Council “more inclusive” by expanding its permanent membership, which is now made up of Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States. American officials have supported the idea of adding Germany, India and Japan to the Council.

拜登進一步批評俄羅斯和中國正在破壞建立在廣泛認同的規則之上的全球秩序，他呼籲改革《聯合國憲章》，包括通過擴大常任理事國席位使安理會「更具包容性」。常任理事國目前由英國、中國、法國、俄羅斯和美國組成。美國官員支持讓德國、印度和日本加入安理會的想法。

Moscow and Beijing have often vetoed resolutions supported by the Council’s three other permanent members and much of the international community. Mr. Biden said in his speech that nations should refrain from Security Council vetoes “except in rare extraordinary situations to ensure the council remains credible and effective.”

莫斯科和北京經常否決安理會其他三個常任理事國和大部分國際社會支持的決議。拜登在講話中表示，「除非在罕見的特殊情況下，」各國應避免對安理會投否決票，「以確保安理會持續可信和有效。」